Shear properties of thawed natural permafrost by bender elements     

Feng Zhang  ZhaoHui 《寒旱区科学》2017,9(4):343-351

Thawed permafrost could cause a serious stability problem for foundations and oil-wells in cold regions. A non-damage testing procedure, employing the Bender Element Method, was used for permafrost samples collected from a continuous frozen core obtained from the North Slope of Alaska, USA. The wave velocity and modulus of thawed permafrost were investigated on various isotropic confining pressure from 0 kPa to 400 kPa per 100 kPa. The received shear wave propagation was recorded, and the elastic wave theory was used to calculate shear modulus. Finally, the shear modulus affected by confining pressure, water content and dry density were analyzed and discussed, and a regression formulation of shear modulus based on the Janbu Model for thawed silty and sandy permafrost were proposed and validation.  相似文献   

降水粒子的最大直径对速度三阶中心矩法的影响     

蒋义芳  汤达章 《气象科学》2001,21(1):80-86

本文大用多普勒雷达垂直探测的速度估测大气垂直速度的方法－速度三阶中心短法（简称M3法）的基础上，利用雨滴谱资料，分析了降水粒子的最大直径Dmax对M3法的影响，并从实际工作出发，用反射率因子和多普勒谱宽拟合了Dmax和雨强（I),提高了大气垂直速度的估计精度。  相似文献   

俯冲带波速结构的数值模拟   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

宁杰远  臧绍先 《地球物理学报》2001,44(2):190-198

数值模拟结果显示，俯冲带在大部分深度都存在高速异常，并在400km左右和550km左右的深度存在高速异常的极大值，这和地震层析成像得到的波速结构相一致.说明虽然层析成像方法的分辨率较低，但它能给出俯冲板块上P波速度随深度变化的基本特征.俯冲带既有正的波速异常，也有负的波速异常，幅度约在-10%-%之间，这在区域台网的资料中可以得到反映.俯冲带在约700km深度存在低速异常，亚稳态橄榄石的存在也使俯冲带出现沿俯冲方向的倾斜低速区.地震层析成像结果没有类似的波速结构，可能是其分辨率较低所致.要研究俯冲带的细结构，应基于高精度的区域台网的资料.  相似文献   

A note on Earth's rotation angular velocity in the general-relativity framework     

V. A. Brumberg  E. Groten 《Journal of Geodesy》2001,75(12):673-676

 The value of the Earth's rotational angular velocity determined from observations is given in the GCRS (geocentric celestial reference system) defined by Resolution B1 of the 2000 IAU General Assembly. The same quantity derived from dynamical theories of the Earth's rotation, such as SMART97, is referred to the␣DGRSC (dynamically non-rotating ecliptical reference system). The relativistic theory of reference systems (RSs) enables unambiguous general-relativity relations between these quantities to be derived. Received: 9 November 2000 / Accepted: 9 July 2001  相似文献   

工程场地条件评定中的地脉动研究   总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13  

陶夏新  刘曾武等 《地震工程与工程振动》2001,21(4):18-23

为了研究开发更经济，更简便的场地动务特性探测方法，本文简要地回顾了工程场地条件评定中地脉动研究的演进，概述了地脉动观测技术的发展，循着地脉动分析方法的演进历程，叙述了谱和谱比分析方法，利用地脉动频散曲线反演场地速度构造的研究，讨论了各种分析方法的依据和适用条件，指出了目前存在的问题，并探讨了可能的改进途径。  相似文献   

试论藏中南低速低阻层与成矿作用          下载免费PDF全文

李金高  王全海  周祖翼  李志  姚鹏  杨成玉 《沉积与特提斯地质》2001,21(3):27-38

20世纪70年以来，“青藏高原热”的地学研究对地质构造、地球物理和地球化学等方面的资料和数据的了积累，建立了青藏高原大地构造体系和特提斯喜马拉雅的形成演化模式及地壳层圈结构模式；20世纪末至今，喷流型矿床的发现和国土资源大调查项目的全面实施，使得“青藏高原”再次成为新的热点研究区。笔者试图将前人的基础地学研究成果与矿床的最新研究成果融为一体，进一步探讨全国重点成矿片区“一江两河”（雅鲁藏布江，拉萨河，年楚河）成矿带的成矿动力学与矿床时空分布规律。笔者认为，该区地壳深部区域性布的低速低阻层（部分熔融状态的高温热源体）是导致“一江两河”地区不同时代、不同成因类型矿床形成的主导因素之一。  相似文献   

毛乌素沙地植被覆盖率与风蚀输沙率定量关系   总被引：54，自引：2，他引：54  

黄富祥  牛海山  王明星  王跃思  丁国栋 《地理学报》2001,56(6):700-710

基于毛乌素沙地不同植被覆盖条件下的风蚀输沙率实地观测数据，借鉴国外最新的建模思想，采用Matlab5.3软件对数据进行非线性回归，建立毛乌素沙地植被覆盖率与风蚀输沙率之间的定量关系模型，比较系统地考察了植被覆盖对沙粒起动风速和风蚀输沙率的影响，确定了不同风速下的有效植被覆盖率。结果表明，在毛乌素沙地要有效减少和防治风蚀，植被覆盖率必须达到40－50％的水平，而要保证在最高风速下风蚀输沙得到有效控制，植被覆盖率必须达到60－70％的水平。  相似文献   

Proterozoic sutures and terranes in the southeastern Baltic Shield interpreted from BABEL deep seismic data     

T. Abramovitz  A. Berthelsen  H. Thybo 《Tectonophysics》1997,270(3-4):259-277

A hitherto unknown terrane and its bounding sutures have been revealed by a combined study of normal-incidence and wide-angle seismic data along the BABEL profile in the Baltic Sea. This Intermediate Terrane is situated between a Northern Terrane of Svecofennian age and a Southwestern Terrane of Gothian age. It is delimited upwards by two low-angle and oppositely dipping sutures and occupies mainly middle and lower crustal levels with a width of 300 km at Moho level. The 1.86 Ga suture against the Northern Terrane is imaged by a prominent almost continuous NE-dipping crustal reflection from 3.5 to 14 s twt over 175 km. Where it downlaps on the Moho, sub-Moho velocities change from 8.2 to 7.8 km/s (±0.2) over less than 25 km. A relatively strong, NE-dipping normal-incidence and wide-angle reflection at 19–23 s twt indicates that the suture extends into the upper mantle. The pervasive NE-dipping reflection fabric of the Intermediate Terrane is interpreted as shear zones that developed during collision and possibly were reactivated by later events. High Poisson's ratios suggest a mafic composition or high fluid content. The 1.86 Ga collision was probably succeeded by continental break-up and removal of an unknown continent, except for the Intermediate Terrane. Subsequent formation of an east-dipping subduction zone further to the west led to the emplacement of 1.81-1.77-Ga-old granitoids in the southern part of the Transscandinavian Igneous Belt. The 1.65-1.60 Ga suture against the Southwestern Terrane is defined by a semi-continuous band of strong SW-dipping reflections between 3 and 8 s twt over 65 km, which are interpreted as a low-angle thrust zone along which Gothian crust overrode the Intermediate Terrane. The identification of three individual seismic terranes in the southeastern part of the Baltic Shield provides new evidence for Palaeoproterozoic plate tectonic processes.  相似文献   

寒冻条件下花岗岩小块体的风化模拟实验及其分析   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

朱立平 Whal.  WB 《冰川冻土》1997,19(4):312-320

５０ｍｍ×５０ｍｍ×５０ｍｍ的一些小花岗岩块体被单轴挤压使之表面出现裂隙，然后分别预处理成干燥、水饱和与硫酸钠溶液饱和的３组样品，使之经历不同温度变幅下的冻融过程。在冻融过程中，分别记录了样品表面、表面下１０ｍｍ及２５ｍｍ处的温度变化，同时在实验前后，对所有样品都进行了超声波传输速率测定和重量测定。实验结果表明，这些小的花岗岩块体表面与内部的温度变化没有明显差异，其温度变化随外界温度而变化，但在外界温度变幅整体低于０℃时，岩石温度逐渐趋于稳定。样品在实验前后的重量变化很小，但是仍能反映最大的变化发生在水饱和的一组样品中。所有样品在实验后的超声波传输速率都明显下降，特别是在垂直于微裂隙的方向，超声波传输速率下降大于平均下降幅度，表明冻融过程中岩石内部的孔隙可能增大而微裂隙具有明显的加剧作用。  相似文献   

地球偶极磁场成因新探讨   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田清孝  李世峰 《地球科学进展》1997,12(1):62-65

以地球内部结构为立论基础和现代物理学中的引力理论和粒子理论为理论根据,阐明了地球外壳与内核运动的差异性,进而提出了以摩擦起电为主的差速发电机制和地磁场的形成机理,总结出了地球内核旋转轴上任一点的强度计算公式和地磁极性的判别方法,并解释了地磁学中的磁轴问题、磁极漂移和地磁场的极
性转换。  相似文献